Tema 1: Prehistoria

From Prehistory to Civilization

Hominization was the long process by which humans became different from apes. One important step was the bipedal position, when humans started walking on two legs. Scientists use the phylogenetic tree to show how humans and other species are related in evolution.

Prehistory is the time before people invented writing. During the Paleolithic, or Old Stone Age, people were nomads. They moved from place to place, hunting animals, fishing in rivers or seas, and gathering fruits, plants, and nuts to survive. People also created cave art on the walls of caves and made the first small sculpture figures.

Later came the Neolithic, or New Stone Age. People began agriculture, growing plants for food, and livestock farming, raising animals for meat, milk, and work. They became sedentary, living in the same place all the time. This new way of life changed human society.

Another great step was metallurgy, the art of working with metals, which allowed people to make stronger tools and weapons. In this period, humans also started megalithism, building very large stone monuments such as dolmens and menhirs.

Thanks to these changes, humans moved from a simple life in Prehistory to the first civilizations.